Translation glossary: Paragliding & Free Flight Glossary

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Kartik Isaac

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acronym for the European association of paraglider manufacturers, the Association des Constructeurs de Parapente Ultra Legers. Conducted paraglider homologations prior to AFNOR.

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in essence, flying with feel. Keeping constant brake input (say 20%) in flight and normalising any noticeable loss of wing pressure by timely operation of the corresponding brake. Anticipating and dampening any surges and roll oscillations detrimental to efficient flight. Applying plenty of weight shift where needed and generally \"getting loose\" in the harness.

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Actual Wing area

Span x average chord.

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Formed when a humid air mass moves in light to moderate winds over a cold region such as the sea. This type of fog is commonly found in ocean territory and coastal regions.

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The study of the movement of a body through the air, such as a paraglider\'s wing.

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A french certification agency. Beginner pilots usually fly AFNOR STANDARD wings. Advance pilots may fly AFNOR Performance wings or Competition wings.

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acronym for Above Ground Level.

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the accumulated flight time of a pilot or equipment as measured from the beginning of the launch phase, during free flight and until the aircraft comes to rest after landing.

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a machine or device that is capable of flight through the atmosphere. In the context of paragliding, the glider and harness combined.

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Aircraft Approach

Forming a U-shape by flying downwind, crosswind then head wind to the landing field.

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A curved surface designed to generate lift when moving through the air.

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a term used to desribe the curved appearance of a wing\'s surface, whose inherent shape and orientation derives lift.

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airservices australia

an organisation providing air route facilities, air and ground traffic control services, as well as fire fighting and search and rescue services in Australia.

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The velocity of the glider through the air.

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Airspeed indicator

An instrument for measuring airspeed.

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Forward launch with the pilot having the wing behind his body.

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An instrument for measuring altitude above a predetermined point.

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acronym for Above Mean Sea Level.

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Assistance by a person during launch.

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Angle of attack

Is the angle the relative wind makes with the chord of an airfoil.

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angle of attack

in flight, the angle of attack (AoA) is essentially the incidental angle at which air hits the wing. All paragliders have a naturally \"positive\" AoA, ie. the leading edge is higher than the trailing edge in flight. The only flight instrument used by the Wright brothers on their first airplane was an angle of attack indicator.

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Angle of descent

Is the angle your path makes with the horizon and is the same as flight angle.

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Approach figure -8

The landing area is reached by making figure 8 turns before or above the landing field.

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acronym for the Australian Sport Aviation Confederation, the Australian hang gliding and paragliding representative member of the FAI.

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Ratio of the span to the chord or span divided by surface area. Span x span/actual wing area.

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the ratio between maximum span length and mean (average) chord length of a paraglider wing.

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Downwind landing, still in your seat

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Asymmetrical Collapse

An uneven collapse of the wing. One side of the wing is inflated and the collapsed part is deflated.

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Atmospheric pressure

The atmosphere\'s mass downward by gravity, measured in Hectopascals (hPa), or formerly in Millibars (mb).

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Is the angle between the chord of the wing and the horizon. It is positive above and negative below the said horizon.

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Is a constant at which the air\'s temperature drops with altitude by 0.65 C per 100 meters.

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The angle the wings make with the horizontal in a roll.

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Observed effects of the wind described by a British captain.

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Bernoulli\'s principle

Physical principle formulated by Daniel Bernoulli that states that as the speed of a moving fluid (liquid or gas) increases the pressure within the fluid decreases.

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A descent maneuver in which a paraglider’s wingtips are intentionally collapsed, reducing the surface area, and lift, of the wing. The deflated tips hanging below the wing may suggest ears to the anthropomorphically-minded. There is no comparable technique for hang gliders.

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Intentional collapse of the wing tips while in flight.

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A technique to increse one\'s descent rate by folding in the wing tips.

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Competent in flying both hang gliders and paragliders.

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Too damn much wind. Since a paraglider flies incredibly slowly, winds of 25 mph can result in a paraglider going nowhere, with a hang glider being able to handle winds only slightly stronger. Better just hike back down if it’s really honkin’. See parked.

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A very hard landing in a paraglider. For related hang glider term

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The controls of a paraglider that pull down the trailing edge.

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A very fast, compressed, sharp-edged thermal, typically found on high-pressure days.

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An acquired ability to fly in and withstand rough, thermic air.

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Buys Ballot\'s Law

In the Northern Hemisphere, if one stands with his back to the wind the area of low pressure is to his left. In the Southern Hemisphere the reverse is true.

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The amount of curvature on the upper surface of an airfoil.

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in the context of an airfoil, the cross sectional curvature of the wing. The inherent arch in the shape along the chord. In a paraglider, braking changes wing camber.

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Waterbag with a tube for inflight use.

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The material or \"sail\" of a paraglider that forms the airfoil or wing.

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Civil Aviation Order part 95 section 95.8 issue 3, exemption from the provisions of the CARs enabling hang gliders and paragliders to be flown legally in Australia.

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acronym for Civil Aviation Orders, a specific and detailed requirement governing Australian civil aviation activities. CAO 95.8 specifically concerns hang gliding and paragliding.

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299Paragliding & Free Flight Glossary

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